{"id":2094,"date":"2011-09-26T15:42:54","date_gmt":"2011-09-26T15:42:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/newhavenrtc786.e.wpstage.net\/blog\/?p=703"},"modified":"2024-03-06T14:52:31","modified_gmt":"2024-03-06T21:52:31","slug":"the-adoption-cluster-abandonment-attachment-and-trauma-in-teens","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newhavenrtc.com\/attachment-disorder-treatment\/the-adoption-cluster-abandonment-attachment-and-trauma-in-teens\/","title":{"rendered":"The Adoption Cluster: Abandonment, Attachment and Trauma in Teens"},"content":{"rendered":"
Dr. Jack Hinman is a clinical director for InnerChange, a company that specializes in the treatment of adolescent girls and their families. One of Dr. Hinman\u2019s specialties is working to address attachment issues that are often associated with adoption. In this article, he discusses the connection between adoption, trauma and attachment issues in adolescent girls.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Well, let me start by pointing out that 30 \u2013 35% of our students are adopted as compared to the general population, which is comprised of only about 2% of adoptees. This greatly inflated rate of adopted kids in treatment is pretty typical for residential treatment programs. While it\u2019s true that adoptive parents tend to be middle to upper income, educated and, therefore, more likely to access mental health services, this referral bias is not enough to account for the disproportionately high population of adopted teens in treatment<\/a>.<\/p>\n We\u2019re finding that adopted kids often struggle with attachment\u2014the ability to connect effectively with others and form sustainable \u201cattached\u201d relationships. We now know that a child\u2019s attachment to her mother starts in the womb, so even a child adopted at birth can experience severe attachment disruption later on in life.<\/p>\n An infant\u2019s world changes radically when her biochemical connection to mom is suddenly absent. The baby is programmed\u2014at the neurological, biochemical and limbic level, to attach to its biological mother. Separation can constitute an actual trauma and drive significant developmental changes. Some experts are even entertaining a diagnostic label of \u201cdevelopmental PTSD\u201d for infants or children who experience attachment issues as a result of separation from the birth family.<\/p>\n This biological connection goes both ways, meaning that the biological mother is specially equipped to anticipate and respond to her child\u2019s needs. An adoptive mother is, of course, perfectly capable of loving and connecting with her child<\/a>, but she does so without some of the tools the biological mother has to intuitively respond to the child.<\/p>\n It\u2019s important to remember that the right hemisphere is developing most quickly at this time. The right hemisphere is the relational\/emotional side of the brain, so neurological events that occur at this time can have a long-term impact on relational and emotional functioning.<\/p>\n We generally see a lot of emotional dysregulation<\/a> as well as generalized relational difficulties with parents and peers. When I administer or analyze assessments, I often see what I call the \u201cadoption cluster,\u201d which includes symptoms of bipolar, ADHD and learning disabilities. When this cluster is evident in an adopted teen, a clinician has to wonder if, for instance, the girl\u2019s emotional dysregulation is symptomatic of underlying abandonment issues or bipolar disorder<\/a>.<\/p>\n Abandonment is the core issue for the young women we\u2019re discussing; it\u2019s often what drives all of the other issues. \u201cImagined abandonment\u201d is part of what these teens are dealing with. Because of early attachment trauma (which they\u2019re usually not even conscious of), the teen imagines that all the important people in her life will leave her. She\u2019s braced against imagined future abandonment, which of course leads to high levels of relational ambivalence.<\/p>\nIn your work with adolescent girls, how much does adoption come up as an issue?<\/h3>\n
What\u2019s driving this high concentration of adopted teens in treatment programs? Are most of these teens late adoptees or does this statistic apply also to teens who were adopted at birth too?<\/h3>\n
How do attachment difficulties show up in teenage girls?<\/h3>\n