Mental health is a crucial aspect of a teen or young adult’s well-being, and it becomes even more critical when it comes to the LGBTQ+ community. The journey of self-discovery and acceptance for people within this community can be challenging, which often takes a toll on mental health. Learning how to support a LGBTQ+ youth’s mental health can be life changing for adolescents, teens, and their families.
The LGBTQ+ Mental Health Crisis
LGBTQ+ youth face high rates of mental health challenges, according to a 2023 survey from the Trevor Project. Further data from the Trevor Project indicates that LGBTQ youth are at risk for suicidal thoughts and attempts, discrimination and rejection, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Access to mental health services is crucial for supporting the well-being of LGBTQ+ youth.
Rejection and Isolation Faced By the LGBTQ+ Community
Family rejection can have severe consequences for the mental health of LGBTQ+ teens and young adults. Social isolation can also negatively impact the mental health of LGBTQ+ teens and adolescents. Additionally, LGBTQ+ teens and young adults of color may face intersecting forms of discrimination and isolation according to a 2019 Human Rights Campaign Foundation study.
Stigma and Its Impact on LGBTQ+ Mental Health
Homophobia and transphobia create additional stressors for LGBTQ+ teens and young adults. Internalized stigma can lead to self-esteem issues and mental health challenges. Challenging stereotypes and promoting acceptance can improve overall LGBTQ+ mental well-being.
Homelessness in the LGBTQ+ Community
According to the Trevor Project, LGBTQ+ youth and young adults face a disproportionate risk of homelessness, which takes a toll on their mental health. Limited safe and affirming housing options contribute to the high rates of homelessness within the LGBTQ+ community, fueled by discrimination and family rejection.
It is crucial to address the root causes of LGBTQ+ homelessness to improve mental health outcomes for young adults. Inclusive shelters and support services are vital in tackling this issue and providing much-needed care and assistance.
Impact of Medical Mistrust and Health Disparities
LGBTQ+ teens and young adults may experience medical mistrust, stemming from past encounters with discrimination and mistreatment. This mistrust further exacerbates existing health disparities, including limited access to inclusive healthcare.
Limited Access to Mental Health Services
Limited access to mental health services is a significant barrier to care and treatment in the LGBTQ+ community. Many LGBTQ+ teens and young adults struggle to find providers who are knowledgeable about their specific needs and identities, which can lead to feelings of isolation and inadequacy. Additionally, financial barriers and lack of insurance coverage often prevent individuals from seeking the help they need.
Common Mental Health Issues Among LGBTQ+ Teens and Young Adults
LGBTQ+ teens and young adults often face mental health and substance use challenges associated with barriers to care, isolation, stigma, and rejection related to their identity and community.
Anxiety
Anxiety can be a common experience for LGBTQ+ teens and young adults, often stemming from the societal stigma and discrimination they face. Symptoms of anxiety may manifest as persistent worry, intrusive thoughts, and physical symptoms like an increased heart rate.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
LGBTQ+ teens and young adults may develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a result of experiencing violence, bullying, or rejection based on their sexual orientation or gender identity. Minority youths are more likely to experience PTSD in comparison to heterosexual individuals according to this American Journal of Public Health article. Symptoms of PTSD can include flashbacks, nightmares, hypervigilance, and avoidance of triggering situations.
Depression
Depression is a significant mental health concern within the LGBTQ+ community. LGBTQ+ teens and young adults experience higher rates of depression compared to the general population. Symptoms of depression can include persistent sadness, loss of interest, appetite changes, and difficulty concentrating.
Eating Disorders
LGBTQ+ teens and young adults, including those who are genderqueer and/or gender nonconforming, face a high risk of developing eating disorders. Body image concerns and societal pressures contribute to the development of these disorders within the LGBTQ+ community.
Suicidality
Recognizing signs of suicide is crucial for early intervention and saving lives within the LGBTQ+ community. Warning signs can include talking about suicide, suicidal ideation, expressing hopelessness, or sudden changes in behavior. However, due to fear of stigma or rejection, LGBTQ+ teens and young adults may be more likely to hide their thoughts of self-harm.
It’s important to encourage LGBTQ+ teens and young adults experiencing suicidal thoughts to seek professional help and support, such as the national suicide prevention lifeline at 800-273-TALK (8255).
Trauma
Trauma is a deeply distressing experience that can have long-lasting effects on an teen or young adult’s mental health. Sadly, LGBTQ+ teens and young adults are more likely to experience trauma compared to their heterosexual counterparts. Discrimination, harassment, and violence based on sexual orientation or gender identity can create a hostile environment that contributes to trauma.
Self-Harm
LGBTQ individuals face unique challenges that put them at a higher risk of self-harm. It is crucial for their mental health to receive support when experiencing self-harm or suicidal thoughts.
Substance Use
LGBTQ+ teens and young adults face higher rates of substance use, including drug use, compared to the majority population. They may turn to drug use as a coping mechanism for the unique stressors they encounter. Discrimination and minority stress also contribute to the increased risk of substance use disorders within the LGBTQ+ community.
How to Address LGBTQ+ Mental Health Issues
Providing safe spaces to discuss mental health issues, practicing self-acceptance, and providing access to trauma informed and gender affirming care can all help LGBTQ+ teens and young adults struggling with mental health issues.
1. Creating Safe Spaces to Discuss Mental Health
Creating safe spaces where LGBTQ+ teens and young adults can openly discuss their mental health is vital. These spaces provide a sense of belonging, understanding, validation, and support for LGBTQ+ youths. They enable individuals to share their experiences, struggles, and triumphs without fear of judgment or discrimination. Safe spaces can be found in LGBTQ+-friendly organizations, support groups, or online communities that foster empathy, acceptance, and support.
2. Practicing Self-Acceptance
Self-acceptance and embracing an LGBTQ+ identity can have a positive impact on mental health. When teens and young adults feel comfortable and proud of their identity, they are more likely to experience improved mental well-being. Embracing one’s LGBTQ+ identity involves acknowledging and affirming oneself, which can help reduce internalized homophobia, transphobia, or other forms of discrimination that may negatively impact mental health.
3. Finding Trauma-Informed and Gender-Affirming Care
Providing treatment that recognizes the impact of trauma on LGBTQ+ teens and young adults’ mental health is crucial. It is essential to understand the unique trauma experiences faced by LGBTQ+ teens and young adults and to provide a healing, safe space for treatment. Taking an intersectional approach and addressing the specific needs of LGBTQ+ teens and young adults can help young people struggling with difficult mental health challenges.
LGBTQ Mental Health Wrap-Up
The mental health of the LGBTQ+ community is impacted by various factors. Discrimination, stigma, and minority stress pose unique challenges. Sadly, access to culturally competent care is limited, leading to underreported and undertreated mental health issues. LGBTQ teens and young adults are also at a higher risk of developing mental health problems, substance abuse, and suicide related issues compared to their heterosexual peers.
To improve outcomes teens, young adults, and their parents should look for gender affirming LGBTQ+ therapy and care that considers the diverse range of challenges this community faces.
If you or your teen is looking for a healing, safe environment that can provide trauma informed care for you or your LGBTQ+ youth, contact us today or give us a call at 385-444-9931.